Properties of structural concrete with high-strength cement mixes containing waste paper sludge ash

Abstract This paper studies the use of wastepaper sludge ash (WPSA) for structural concrete in binary and ternary mixes with high-strength cement two industrial by-products, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) pulverised fuel (PFA). The potential WPSA this type its combination other supplementary cementitious materials has not been established; thus, further research is needed prior to industrial-scale applications. A series tests investigated soundness setting times resulting cements, fresh workability, cube compressive strength at various curing times, tensile splitting strength, flexural static modulus elasticity, water absorption carbonation concrete. Good were achieved high early gains, but workability reduced; 15% WPSA, overall best terms durability, whilst maintaining pumpability. An improvement resistance GGBS PFA was also indicated upon addition although their strengths lower than those mixes. Further mix optimisation can lead robust durable systems allowing higher replacements concrete, improved environmental impact.